II_ILS_Small3-01.svg
  • Insurance Insider
  • Insurance Insider US
  • Insurance Insider ILS
  • Free trial
  • Subscribe
  • Log in
II_ILS_Small3-01.svg
  • X
  • LinkedIn
  • Show more sharing options
  • X
  • LinkedIn
  • Print
  • Insurance Insider
  • Insurance Insider US
  • Insurance Insider ILS
  • Sections
    • Sections
      • News
      • Analysis
      • Data
      • Opinion
      • All sections
  • Lines of business
    • Personal lines
      • All personal lines
    • Commercial lines
      • All commercial lines
    • Reinsurance
      • Retrocession
      • Legacy
      • Property treaty
      • All reinsurance
    • Specialty lines
      • Cyber
      • All specialty lines
  • Segments
    • Segments
      • ILS investors
      • ILS managers
        • Data - Fund Directory
        • Data - Eurekahedge Index
      • All segments
    • Companies
      • All companies
  • Topics
    • Capital markets
      • Sidecars
      • ILWs
      • Catastrophe bonds
        • Data - Cat Bond Tracker
        • Data - Plenum Indices
      • All capital markets
    • Industry topics
      • Catastrophe losses
      • M&A
        • Data - M&A Tracker
      • Talent
        • Data - Talent Tracker
      • Renewals
      • Capital raising
      • All industry topics
  • Data
    • Data
      • ILS Fund Manager Directory
      • Talent Tracker
      • Cat Bond Market Activity Tracker
      • ILS Manager M&A Activity Tracker
      • Plenum Cat Bond UCITS Fund Indices
      • ILS Advisers Fund Index
      • All data
  • Regions
    • Regions
      • North America
        • Florida
      • UK and Europe
      • Bermuda
      • All regions
  • More
    • Multimedia
      • Insider on Air
      • Videos
        • Editor's Picks
        • Insider Outlook
        • 5 Minute Takes
        • Ahead of the Curve
      • Webinars
        • Upcoming webinars
        • On-demand webinars
      • Podcasts
        • CEO Perspectives
        • Behind the Headlines
      • Multimedia
    • Events
      • Our events
        • New York Conference 2026
      • Industry events
        • Monte Carlo 2025
      • All events
  • Free trial
  • Subscribe
  • Log in

Hurricane

  • Property treaty
    earthquake, seismograph, california earthquake, japan earthquake, ratings, earthquake abstract
    Palomar completes 1.6 reinsurance placement with $3.53bn for earthquakes
    The company also has $100mn for US hurricane events.
    Clark Mindock, 29 May 2025
  • Cat bond weekly
    generic finance.jpg
    Cat bond limit of $500mn placed across three deals last week
    The deals covered Euro wind and Italy quake, Florida hurricane and a retro bond.
    Jai Singh, 27 May 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    noaa aircraft.png
    NOAA predicting high chance of ‘above-normal’ hurricane season
    The agency forecasts up to five major hurricanes and 19 named storms.
    Adam Kovac, 22 May 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane milton tornadoes damage avenir palm beach gardens florida.png
    Revised estimate cuts FHCF losses for Milton to $3bn
    The revision is significantly lower than the $4.5bn October estimate.
    Adam Kovac, 14 May 2025
  • Sidecars
    Everest Brown Paper.jpg
    Everest ceded $188mn of losses to Mt Logan in the full-year 2024
    Premiums ceded to the ILS vehicle increased by 76% to $433mn.
    Liz Bury, 14 March 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    hannover re logo 2024.png
    Hannover Re ceded EUR877mn of large losses for 2024
    The largest individual net loss at EUR230mn was caused by Hurricane Milton.
    Jai Singh, 13 March 2025
  • Catastrophe bonds
    Wildfire Fire California Helicopter.jpg
    Fidelis Insurance set to recoup $96mn from Herbie Re 2021-1 A cat bond
    The bond was trading at around 12.3c on the dollar in the secondary market last month.
    Jai Singh, 13 March 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    wildfire smoke california.png
    Lloyds forecasts LA wildfires loss of $2.3bn
    This came as the market’s underwriting profit dipped 10% for 2024.
    Fiona Robertson, 10 March 2025
  • Florida
    st petersburg florida.png
    American Coastal targeting $20mn in premium for condo book: CEO Martz
    The CEO expects to see a larger shift between condos and apartments in 2026 and 2027.
    Caroline Ryan, 28 February 2025
  • Florida
    Paresh Patel ILS london 2023.png
    HCI Group spinning off in-house tech subsidiary Exzeo: CEO Patel
    HCI will now consist of two operating units – the other being its four underwriting entities.
    Kyoung-son Song, 28 February 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    Aspen logo.jpg
    Aspen Capital Markets generates fee income of $169mn for 2024
    ILS is delivering “a growing contribution” to the group, according to CEO Cloutier.
    Jai Singh, 28 February 2025
  • ILS managers
    hiscox building york.jpg
    Hiscox Re & ILS AuM falls by 13% to $1.4bn year over year
    The firm reported record fee income of $128.2mn in 2024, up 26%.
    Jai Singh, 27 February 2025
  • Florida
    Sarasota, Florida, USA. 10th October, 2024. Residents survey damage to their neighborhood following Hurricane Milton. Credit: david childers/Alamy Live News
    Milton was $45mn net retention event: Universal CFO Wilcox
    Comments came as universal reported a 4.2 CoR jump to 107.9% in Q4.
    Clark Mindock, 26 February 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    munich-re-hq.jpg
    Munich Re estimates CA wildfire claims outlay at $1.3bn
    Hurricane Milton accounted for 60% of the firm’s Q4 large loss tally.
    Jai Singh, 26 February 2025
  • Florida
    st petersburg florida.png
    Florida: Demand, resilience, LA spillover will all be talking points
    Several Florida start-ups are poised to begin writing business this year.
    Fiona Robertson, 24 February 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane_helene_approaching.jpg
    PCS increases Hurricane Helene loss number 14% to $14.6bn
    Total combined losses for the agency’s Helene and Milton estimates stand at $31.8bn.
    Jai Singh, 19 February 2025
  • Catastrophe bonds
    finance graph trading.jpg
    UCITS AuM records minor 0.3% slide in week to 31 January: Plenum
    AuM remains generally flat at UCITS funds over the weeks since LA fires started.
    Jai Singh, 10 February 2025
  • Re/insurers
    ark logo.png
    Ark Q4 CoR deteriorates 7 points to 77% on Milton and Helene losses
    Over 2024, four hurricanes added 13 points of cat-loss impact to the combined ratio.
    Rachel Dalton, 07 February 2025
  • Catastrophe bonds
    swiss re logo building swiss re headquarters zurich switzerland.png
    Cat bond market to surpass $50bn in near term: Swiss Re
    Capital inflows, notably into UCITS funds, and accumulated returns supported issuance of $17.2bn in 2024.
    Jai Singh, 04 February 2025
  • Re/insurers
    axis capital logo.jpg
    Axis Capital grows strategic capital partner fees to $85mn for FY24
    Axis Capital’s fee income from strategic capital partners grew 39% to $85mn in the year to 31 December 2024, up from $61mn the year prior, the firm’s Q4 earnings release said.
    Jai Singh, 30 January 2025
  • Personal lines
    heritage insurance logo.png
    Heritage expects $35mn-$40mn in Q1 losses from LA wildfires
    The Floridian also expects to report its “best earnings quarter” for Q4 2024.
    Clark Mindock, 30 January 2025
  • ILS managers
    RenRe Logo.jpg
    RenRe reached $7bn in AuM in Q4
    The reinsurer reported total fee income of $77.1mn.
    Jai Singh, 29 January 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    Sarasota, Florida, USA. 10th October, 2024. Residents survey damage to their neighborhood following Hurricane Milton. Credit: david childers/Alamy Live News
    PCS Milton loss estimate rises 15% to $17.2bn
    The industry loss number has increased threefold from an initial $5bn pick.
    Jai Singh, 23 January 2025
  • Lines of business
    sandbags, FEMA, flood
    Aon pegs global 2024 insured losses from natural disasters at $145bn
    Total economic losses were $368bn, 14% above the 21st century average.
    Caroline Ryan, 22 January 2025
  • Property treaty
    travelers office hartford ct.jpg
    Travelers grows cat treaty by $150mn at 1.1
    The carrier’s Milton loss came in below expectations, but its fire claims will be “material” in Q1.
    Jairo Ibarra, 22 January 2025
  • Personal lines
    citizens logo.png
    Milton would have triggered assessment, insolvencies absent reforms: Citizens CEO
    CEO Cerio highlighted changes that allowed the insurer of last resort to combine commercial, coastal and personal lines.
    Clark Mindock, 14 January 2025
  • ILS investors
    ILS Advisors.png
    ILS Advisers Index gains 1.03% in November
    The index’s performance in November was stronger than the prior year, although YTD returns are behind 2023.
    Jai Singh, 13 January 2025
  • Catastrophe losses
    Blurred abstract glass wall from building in city town
    Munich Re pegs insured nat cat loss bill at $140bn in 2024
    Hurricane Milton resulted in the largest insured loss of the year at $25bn.
    Rebecca Perkins, 09 January 2025
  • Renewals
    Howden-report-past-the-peak.png
    Falling ILW rates driving demand from new buyers: Howden
    Cat bonds were a key supply-side driver at 1 January 2025.
    Jai Singh, 02 January 2025
  • Catastrophe bonds
    Combined-assets-under-management-lead.png
    UCITS fund AuM climbs 7% to $12.2bn in H2: Plenum Investments
    The UCITS cat bond segment has added 54% in AuM since Hurricane Ian.
    Liz Bury, 24 December 2024
  • ILS managers
    hurricane ils b.png
    ILS year in review: Good returns, a near-miss storm, M&A deals and start-ups
    Casualty ILS made inroads, while hurricane hedging strategies came into focus.
    Liz Bury, 23 December 2024
  • ILS managers
    handshake money m&a.jpg
    Markel Catco completes run-off, NAV grows 52% in 2024
    The company no longer has any exposure to reinsurance contracts.
    Jai Singh, 18 December 2024
  • Reinsurance
    usa flag sun shining.png
    Reinsurers drive 1.1 rates down as they grab for well-rated US cat
    Overall, reinsurers accepted that rate cuts were still leaving them with strong margins.
    Rachel Dalton, 16 December 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane otis satellite.jpg
    TSR forecasts 2025 Atlantic hurricane activity to be close to 30-year norm
    TSR anticipates that next year will see an ACE value of 129 compared with the 30-year norm of 122.
    Abbie Day, 10 December 2024
  • Florida
    hurricane milton damage st petersburg florida.png
    Florida Citizens incurs $461mn Milton claims and $121mn for Helene
    The state reinsurer of last resort discussed options for 2025 reinsurance buying strategy.
    Samuel Casey, 10 December 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    swiss re logo building swiss re headquarters zurich switzerland.png
    Insured losses from nat cats exceed $100bn for fifth consecutive year: Swiss Re
    It estimated insured losses from nat cats on track to exceed $135bn in 2024.
    Abbie Day, 05 December 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    north carolina storm damage hurricane helene.png
    Insured losses from storm activity at $51bn for 2024, above long-term averages: Munich Re
    The carrier attributed the intensification of storms this season to climate change.
    Jai Singh, 04 December 2024
  • London market
    A photograph of the Lloyds Building in London from ground up
    Lloyd’s disclosures imply Helene, Milton industry loss of $30bn-$60bn
    Lloyd’s has taken around 6% of aggregate US hurricane losses in recent years, and disclosed estimated net losses from Helene and Milton of $1.8bn to $3.4bn.
    Ben Wylie, 29 November 2024
  • ILS investors
    Eurekahedge_Singapore.jpg
    ILS Advisers Index gains 0.81% in October
    Losses from Hurricane Milton are expected to affect only select junior structures.
    Liz Bury, 28 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane satellite imagery collage.png
    Atlantic hurricane season 2024 wrap-up: Key insights in four charts
    The 2024 hurricane season stayed within predictions for high activity but lacked market-moving events.
    Mehr Gill, 28 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    north carolina storm damage hurricane helene.png
    Blue Ridge cat bond safe as NCFB notifies $270mn Helene loss
    The Class B notes on the carrier’s debut deal attach at $500mn of losses.
    Jai Singh, 27 November 2024
  • ILWs
    finance graph trading.jpg
    Study shows ILW trades using hurricane forecasts outperform 20%-170%
    Euler ILS Partners and Tropical Storm Risk teamed up to produce an updated version of an earlier study.
    Jai Singh, 26 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane milton tornadoes damage publix commercial property palm beach gardens florida.png
    PCS puts second Hurricane Milton insured loss at $15bn
    The loss figure has increased 200% from the initial number provided in October.
    Jai Singh, 25 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane milton satellite noaa.png
    ILS market sizing Hurricane Milton losses at around $20bn
    Moderate impacts to ILS returns are anticipated from Hurricane Milton.
    Jai Singh, 25 November 2024
  • Reinsurance
    Austin Texas Windstorm Twia.jpg
    Twia to target 43% more limit at $5.8bn on exposure growth and Beryl losses
    The association’s Hurricane Beryl net loss stood at $455mn as of 30 September.
    Liz Bury, 21 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    A member of the Pasco County Sheriff's Office goes out to help residents trapped in their homes as waters rise after Hurricane Milton caused the Anclote River to flood, Friday, Oct. 11, 2024, in New Port Richey, Fla. (AP Photo/Mike Carlson)
    Allstate pegs October cat losses at $226mn post-tax
    The estimate includes $102mn from Milton and $114mn Helene development.
    Rachel Dalton, 21 November 2024
  • Property treaty
    Hurricane Winds Florida Beach.jpg
    Rokstone partners with NormanMax to launch parametric product
    It is targeting $25mn GWP this year and $50mn GWP in 2025.
    Rebecca Perkins, 20 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane milton damage publix palm beach gardens florida.png
    Helene and Milton: What Q3 reporting has revealed
    Helene losses were spread wider than initially suggested, in contrast to Milton claims.
    Mehr Gill, 18 November 2024
  • ILS managers
    Aspen logo.jpg
    Aspen Capital Markets posts Q3 fee income of $44mn and AuM at $2bn
    The ILS unit’s AuM was higher by $100mn compared to $1.9bn as of 30 June.
    Liz Bury, 15 November 2024
  • Personal lines
    hurricane beryl damage houston texas.png
    Twia estimates Beryl losses equivalent to cat fund balance at $455mn
    Twia’s SCS losses in Q1-Q3 2024 have been more than double the budgeted amount.
    Kyoung-son Song, 14 November 2024
  • Reinsurance
    swiss re logo building swiss re headquarters zurich switzerland.png
    Swiss Re will only share ‘modest’ Q3 cat losses with ILS partners
    The reinsurer took $743mn of nat-cat losses in the quarter.
    Jai Singh, 14 November 2024
  • Re/insurers
    scor-office-logo.jpg
    Scor raises P&C cession ratio to 26.3% in Q3
    The firm recorded a 13.3% nat cat impact to the P&C combined ratio.
    Liz Bury, 14 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    FEMA US Homeland Security Form
    Fema estimates NFIP losses of $3.5bn-$7bn for Hurricane Helene
    Fema's traditional reinsurance programme will attach at losses of $7bn and above.
    Jai Singh, 13 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    KCC homes flooding climate change.jpg
    KCC’s latest flood model receives Florida commission’s certification
    The model factors in the effects of climate change to date.
    Jai Singh, 12 November 2024
  • Claims and losses
    FEMA flood, federal flood, national guard
    Florida NFIP claims from Debby, Helene and Milton top 72,000
    A total of $2.1bn in Fema money has been approved for the state.
    Danielle Ling, 12 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hannover re logo 2024.png
    Hannover Re has ceded EUR390mn of large losses to retro partners
    The reinsurer confirmed its intention to reduce the K-Cession sidecar for 2025.
    Liz Bury, 11 November 2024
  • Catastrophe bonds
    the world bank sign world bank headquarters.png
    World Bank cat bonds: ILS market defends payout history
    The failure of a Jamaica bond to pay out following Hurricane Beryl damage has brought focus onto the deals.
    Jai Singh, 11 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    Sarasota, Florida, USA. 10th October, 2024. Residents survey damage to their neighborhood following Hurricane Milton. Credit: david childers/Alamy Live News
    Milton claims count ‘half to two-thirds' size of Ian: HCI
    The Florida carrier reported a 103.5% combined ratio in Q3.
    Clark Mindock, 08 November 2024
  • Re/insurers
    finance fundraise coins results earnings.png
    US cat limit buying could increase by $10bn in 2025: RenRe’s O’Donnell
    In other property, Helene and Milton will assure rates remain attractive, he added.
    Kyoung-son Song, 07 November 2024
  • Re/insurers
    jurecka-christoph.jpg
    Property cat pricing at ‘plateau’ ahead of renewals: Munich Re’s Jurecka
    The carrier said it expected its Milton losses to fall below its EUR500mn ($537mn) Helene loss.
    Jai Singh, 07 November 2024
  • ILS managers
    RenRe Logo.jpg
    RenaissanceRe third-party investor profits up despite Helene loss hit
    The firm’s AuM in four key vehicles rose $526mn in Q3.
    Fiona Robertson, 07 November 2024
  • Florida
    american coastal logo.png
    American Coastal completes ‘first-ever’ Citizens takeout: President Martz
    The Floridian also announced the completion of its first-ever takeout from Florida Citizens.
    Clark Mindock, 06 November 2024
  • Re/insurers
    Blurred city sunrise background
    Ark posts Q3 CoR of 79% as pre-tax income jumps to $119mn
    The combined ratio included 17 points of catastrophe losses in the third quarter.
    Rebecca Perkins, 06 November 2024
  • Catastrophe bonds
    adrian cox 2024.png
    ILWs, cat bonds ‘part of toolkit’ to manage cyber exposures: Beazley’s Cox
    CEO Adrian Cox said Beazley’s recent $290mn ILW purchase was not driven by “capital flexibility in and of itself”.
    Rebecca Perkins, 06 November 2024
  • ILS managers
    Milton Monday Afternoon Oct 7 2024.jpg
    Industry loss cat bonds show mixed reaction to PCS Milton loss figure
    Latest pricing suggests secondary market traders are baking in further loss development.
    Jai Singh, 05 November 2024
  • Re/insurers
    Hurricane Approaching Florida.jpg
    PCS to release Milton losses resurvey figures early
    The firm will provide an update on 22 November to avoid holiday season.
    Rachel Dalton, 04 November 2024
  • Catastrophe bonds
    finance earnings results losses.png
    ILS Advisers returns 1.91% in September with very limited Helene impact
    September was the strongest performing month since the index began in 2006.
    Jai Singh, 04 November 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane ils.png
    ILS managers grapple with ‘surprise’ $5bn PCS Milton loss pick
    The low PCS number is presenting a challenge for ILW buyers and sellers.
    Liz Bury, 04 November 2024
  • Commercial Lines
    chubb logo.jpg
    Chubb forecasts Q4 after-tax net Milton losses of $208mn-$250mn
    The commercial carrier also reported a Hurricane Milton pre-tax net loss forecast of $250mn-$300mn.
    Jairo Ibarra, 02 November 2024
  • Florida
    hurricane milton damage st petersburg florida.png
    FHCF share of Milton losses projected at between $1.6bn to $5.8bn
    The estimate implies a roughly $15bn homeowners’ industry loss from the hurricane.
    Abbie Day, 31 October 2024
  • Re/insurers
    juan andrade 2024.png
    Property cat pricing expected to firm heading into 1.1: Everest’s Andrade
    Andrade flagged expected 5% to 10% increases in the US and Europe.
    Shelby Rosenberg, 31 October 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane helene damage.png
    USAA pegs Hurricane Helene loss at $1.15bn, Milton at $218mn
    The figures imply first-layer reinsurance recoveries for Helene.
    Jai Singh, 31 October 2024
  • Personal lines
    FEMA US Homeland Security Form
    Fema’s NFIP receives 54,000 Helene claims, pays $480mn
    The NFIP’s traditional reinsurance coverage kicks in at $7bn of losses.
    Jai Singh, 28 October 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    Hurricane Flooding Storm Surge.jpg
    PCS puts initial Hurricane Milton insured loss at $5bn
    The loss tally is considerably lower than estimates issued by model vendors.
    Jai Singh, 28 October 2024
  • Brokers
    hurricane helene damage.png
    Total insured 2024 losses to exceed $125bn: Aon
    Insured losses for 9M 2024 have hit $102bn, according to a report.
    Rachel Dalton, 28 October 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane milton damage publix palm beach gardens florida.png
    Liberty Mutual estimates Milton losses will be lower than Helene’s
    Liberty Mutual expects $550mn in Helene losses versus Milton’s $250mn-$350mn.
    Kyoung-son Song, 28 October 2024
  • Commercial Lines
    OLD
    The Hartford’s Hurricane Milton losses within retention: CFO Costello
    The carrier’s estimated pre-tax losses from Milton are $65mn to $110mn.
    Shelby Rosenberg, 25 October 2024
  • Florida
    universal logo screen.jpg
    Universal's Milton loss to hit second reinsurance layer: Universal CEO
    The carrier is looking at a $600-$900mn hit from Debby, Helene, Milton.
    Clark Mindock, 25 October 2024
  • Catastrophe bonds
    A shopping center is surrounded by flood water from Hurricane Helene Friday, Sept 27, 2024, in Atlanta. (AP Photo/Jason Allen)
    Helene and Milton implied loss to cat bond market is $380mn: Lane Financial
    Pricing is expected to “stay neutral of soften” for January renewals.
    Jai Singh, 25 October 2024
  • Florida
    american coastal logo.png
    AmCoastal estimates Milton cat losses at $16.2mn
    The Floridian anticipates Hurricanes Debby and Helene to incur losses of $3.8mn in Q3 2024.
    Kyoung-son Song, 24 October 2024
  • Lines of business
    Hurricane Winds Florida Beach.jpg
    Heritage expects $48mn Debby, Helene cat loss, $57mn cat loss from Milton
    The firm still expects to deliver positive net income for Q3 2024.
    Kyoung-son Song, 23 October 2024
  • Catastrophe losses
    hurricane helene damage asheville nc.png
    Munich Re disclosures may imply higher-than-expected Helene industry losses
    Assuming Munich Re takes roughly a 3% market share of hurricane losses suggests a ~$20bn industry loss for Helene.
    Ben Wylie, 22 October 2024
  • Cat bond weekly
    cat bond weekly briefing
    Cat bond volume of $495mn has come to the market
    Managers expect Hurricane Milton losses to shore up pricing.
    Jai Singh, 21 October 2024
  • hurricane milton tornadoes damage publix commercial property palm beach gardens florida.png
    Milton: A proof of concept moment for ILS
    Many in the ILS sector are bullish on Milton losses falling at the lower end of earnings impacts.
    Fiona Robertson, 21 October 2024
Load more

Most Recent

  • Inigo targets $255mn of Montoya Re bond limit for Syndicate 1301

  • CEA’s Ursa Re notes achieve 1.7x multiple in 2025, 56% down on 2023 deals

  • Leadenhall parent MS&AD acquires 18% of $470bn asset manager Barings

  • Mapfre Re targets $125mn with second Recoletos Re cat bond issuance

  • RenRe grows partner capital to $8.54bn at end of Q3

  • Company
    • About us
    • Testimonials
  • Solutions
    • Our solutions
    • Request free trial
    • Subscribe
    • Marketing Services
  • Events
    • All events
    • Insider Progress
  • Resources
    • FAQS
    • Supplements
    • Archives
  • Contact Us
    • Editorial
    • Subscriptions
    • Marketing Services
Insurance Insider ILS Logo Reduced.svg

Insurance Insider ILS is the premier intelligence solution for the ILS insurance market.

Follow us on:
  • twitter
  • slipcase
  • linkedin

© 2025 Insider International Limited, company number 15236286, 16–18 Middlesex Street, London, E1 7EX. All rights reserved

Accessibility | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy



Cookies Settings